بحث حول السلام بالانجليزية للسنة 2 ثانوي
موضوع انجليزي عن الماء للصف الثامن فقرة برزنتيشن بحث موضوع ملخص جاهز باللغة الانجليزية انشاء موضوع انجليزي عن ابدا قصير كيفية كتابة موضوع تعبير باللغة الانجليزية توجيهي قواعد
كتابة تعبير بالانجليزي طريقة سهلة لكتابة تعبير بالانجليزي موضوع تعبير انجليزي يصلح لكل المواضيع كتابة تعبير بالانجليزي عن نفسك وصف تعبير انجليزي يصلح لكل المواضيع موضوع انشاء شامل لكل المواضيع موضوع يصلح لجميع المواضيع موضوع تعبير انجليزي جاهز برجراف ينفع لاى موضوع موضوع انجليزي عن الماء قصير وسهل فوائد بالانجليزي عبارات بالانجليزي طويل اهمية مترجم ثالث ثانوي اول ثاني ثانوي متوسط خمس سبع ثمان تسع اربع جمل كلمات كلام مقال علمي مقدمة بحث انجليزي حلول اسباب حل مشكلة
Living in a peaceful world has long been a longing for utopia. Many authors have tried to conceptualize this notion of world peace. The perpetual peace of Kant is one of the best known but also one of the most difficult to criticize, because the philosopher does not always give sufficient indications as to the way in which he concretely envisages the thing. However, starting from the indications left by Kant one can try to work on this conception and to wonder if its conception of the perpetual peace is conceivable in the 21st century.
We will briefly recall what constitutes perpetual peace as Kant defines it. Then we will ask ourselves if it is possible before going further by asking the question: is it desirable?
What is perpetual peace?
Kant defined perpetual peace through three criteria. The first states that states must be republics. This form of government according to Kant is the only peaceful form of government. Indeed, it allows both a separation of powers described by Montesquieu [1], which makes it balanced and fair. But it also avoids war by giving citizens the power to decide the issue on their own. Kant bases himself on the writings of the economists of the time [2] to justify this impossibility for a people to vote "yes" to the war. He takes up the idea that "private vices make public virtue" [3]. Therefore no one will want to go to war because the citizens are rational and will never want to become personally involved in the conflict. So we see how egoism (not to get personally involved in the conflict) makes public virtue (peace).
These republics must be federated according to Kant, because it is the only way to regulate conflicts in a peaceful way. It starts from the idea that there are already internal rules that prohibit private individuals from entering into conflict. Assuming that states function as individuals, he advocates applying this standard at the international level. Indeed, if all states are governed by the same law, wars can be settled peacefully through the laws.
Finally, Kant develops the idea ofa cosmopolitan right. A kind of pass that would allow all citizens to move freely between the different republics. It is not a right to hospitality but a simple right to visit